Uluslararas\u0131 Af \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc, d\u00f6rt \u0130skandinav \u00fclkesi Danimarka, Finlandiya, Norve\u00e7 ve \u0130sve\u00e7’teki cinsel sald\u0131r\u0131lar ve faillerin yarg\u0131lanmas\u0131na ili\u015fkin bir rapor yay\u0131mlad\u0131.<\/p>\n

“De\u011fi\u015fim zaman\u0131: \u0130skandinav \u00fclkelerindeki tecav\u00fcz ma\u011fdurlar\u0131 i\u00e7in adalet” adl\u0131 raporda, hatal\u0131 yasalar, yayg\u0131n zararl\u0131 inan\u0131\u015flar ve toplumsal cinsiyet kal\u0131p yarg\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n bu \u00fclkelerdeki tecav\u00fczc\u00fclere bir dokunulmazl\u0131k verdi\u011fi ifade edildi.<\/p>\n

Tecav\u00fcz ma\u011fdurlar\u0131n\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 durumlar\u0131n d\u00f6rt \u00fclkede de ayn\u0131 olmamakla birlikte, “kad\u0131na y\u00f6nelik cinsel \u015fiddeti g\u00f6rmezden gelen, inkar eden ve \u00fcst\u00fcn\u00fc \u00f6rten adalet sistemleri a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan rahats\u0131z edici \u015fekilde bu \u00fclkeler aras\u0131nda paralellikler bulundu\u011fu” ifade edildi.<\/p>\n

T\u00fcm \u0130skandinav \u00fclkelerinin imza att\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00f6zle\u015fmeye g\u00f6re, tecav\u00fcz ve cinsel nitelikteki t\u00fcm r\u0131za d\u0131\u015f\u0131 eylemlerin su\u00e7 olarak s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi, ancak Finlandiya, Norve\u00e7 ve Danimarka’daki yasalarda, “r\u0131za d\u0131\u015f\u0131 olmas\u0131” temeline dayanan bir tecav\u00fcz tan\u0131m\u0131 bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na dikkati \u00e7ekildi.<\/p>\n

Raporda, yasada veya uygulamada, bir ma\u011fdurun fiziksel olarak direnmedi\u011fi i\u00e7in r\u0131za g\u00f6sterdi\u011fi varsay\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n sorunlu oldu\u011fu, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc cinsel sald\u0131r\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda ma\u011fdurda “donma” gibi fizyolojik veya psikolojik eylemsizlik g\u00f6r\u00fclebildi\u011fine vurgu yap\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n

Rapora g\u00f6re, her y\u0131l Finlandiya’da yakla\u015f\u0131k 50 bin kad\u0131n, tecav\u00fcz dahil cinsel \u015fiddete maruz kal\u0131yor. Bu su\u00e7lar\u0131n faillerinin \u00e7o\u011fu ise hi\u00e7bir zaman adalete teslim edilmiyor. 2017 y\u0131l\u0131nda tecav\u00fczden dolay\u0131 sadece 209 mahkumiyet karar\u0131 verildi.<\/p>\n

G\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fclen ma\u011fdurlar, nas\u0131l sonu\u00e7land\u0131\u011f\u0131na bak\u0131lmaks\u0131z\u0131n s\u00fcreci stresli, korkutucu ve damgalay\u0131c\u0131 olarak tan\u0131mlad\u0131. Raporda, bir ma\u011fdurun,\u00a0“Duru\u015fmada d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fcm ve avukat\u0131ma, ‘bunun (s\u00fcre\u00e7) b\u00f6yle olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bilseydim, asla tecav\u00fcz\u00fc bildirmezdim’ dedim.”\u00a0\u015feklinde konu\u015ftu\u011funa dair ifadeler yer ald\u0131.<\/p>\n

Rapora g\u00f6re, \u0130sve\u00e7’teki y\u00fcksek tecav\u00fcz oranlar\u0131na ra\u011fmen, 2017 y\u0131l\u0131ndaki vakalar\u0131n sadece y\u00fczde 6’s\u0131 kovu\u015fturmaya tabi tutuldu. Raporda, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck kovu\u015fturma ve mahkumiyet oranlar\u0131n\u0131n adalet sistemine olan g\u00fcveni etkiledi\u011fi ifade edildi.<\/p>\n

Ayr\u0131ca toplumsal alg\u0131lara da dikkat \u00e7ekilerek, son zamanlarda yap\u0131lan bir ara\u015ft\u0131rmada, \u0130sve\u00e7’te neredeyse her 10 ki\u015fiden birinin, kad\u0131na y\u00f6nelik cinsel \u015fiddette, ma\u011fdurun kendisi taraf\u0131ndan k\u0131\u015fk\u0131rt\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 konusunda hemfikir oldu\u011funu ortaya koydu\u011fu belirtildi.<\/p>\n

2018’de \u0130sve\u00e7, cinsel su\u00e7larla ilgili yeni bir onay temelli yasa \u00e7\u0131kararak, r\u0131za d\u0131\u015f\u0131 cinsel ili\u015fkiyi su\u00e7 kapsam\u0131na ald\u0131. Bu \u00fclkede de adli s\u00fcre\u00e7lerde ve \u00f6zellikle de polisin tecav\u00fcz vakalar\u0131n\u0131 ele al\u0131\u015f\u0131nda, sorunlar tespit edildi. Bunlara \u00f6rnek olarak, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma y\u00f6ntemlerindeki tutars\u0131zl\u0131klar, adli analiz sonu\u00e7lar\u0131ndaki gecikmeler ve bazen \u015f\u00fcphelilerin ifadelerinin ge\u00e7 al\u0131nmas\u0131 g\u00f6sterildi.<\/p>\n

Rapora g\u00f6re, Norve\u00e7 makamlar\u0131, tecav\u00fcz ve di\u011fer cinsel \u015fiddet su\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcne ge\u00e7mede veya bu t\u00fcr su\u00e7lar\u0131n sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 ele almada gerekli \u00f6nlemleri hayata ge\u00e7irmedi. Bu \u00fclkede tecav\u00fcz hakk\u0131ndaki bask\u0131n ve yanl\u0131\u015f inan\u0131\u015flar, tecav\u00fcz ma\u011fdurlar\u0131n\u0131n su\u00e7u polise bildirmesini veya t\u0131bbi yard\u0131m almas\u0131n\u0131 zorla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131yor. Bu durum ayr\u0131ca, tecav\u00fcz davalar\u0131n\u0131n adalet sistemi taraf\u0131ndan ele al\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131 da etkiliyor.<\/p>\n

Raporda \u00f6rnek olarak, bir savc\u0131n\u0131n\u00a0“\u00c7ok fazla \u00f6\u011frenci vakas\u0131 oldu, bunlar aptalca bir \u015feyler yapm\u0131\u015f d\u00fczg\u00fcn gen\u00e7lerdi. \u0130yi bir e\u011fitim almak i\u00e7in bu \u015fehre gelen ve mahkemede iyi davranan bir \u00f6\u011frenciyi mahkum etmek kolay de\u011fil.”\u00a0demesi de \u00f6rnek olarak g\u00f6sterildi.<\/p>\n

Danimarka’daki tecav\u00fcz vakalar\u0131n\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fu polise bildirilmezken, ma\u011fdur polise gitti\u011finde ise kovu\u015fturma veya mahkumiyet karar\u0131 verilme \u015fans\u0131 \u00e7ok d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck oluyor. 2017 y\u0131l\u0131nda tecav\u00fcz veya tecav\u00fcz giri\u015fimine maruz kalan 24 bin kad\u0131ndan sadece 890’u polise \u015fikayette bulundu. Bunlardan 535’i kovu\u015fturulurken, yaln\u0131zca 94’\u00fc mahkumiyetle sonu\u00e7land\u0131.<\/p>\n

Konuya ili\u015fkin de\u011ferlendirmelerde bulunan Uluslararas\u0131 Af \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc Genel Sekreteri Kumi Naidoo, cinsiyet e\u015fitli\u011fi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan ilk s\u0131ralarda yer alan \u0130skandinav \u00fclkelerinin, \u015fok edici derecede y\u00fcksek tecav\u00fcz oranlar\u0131na sahip olmas\u0131n\u0131n bir \u00e7eli\u015fki oldu\u011funu belirtti.<\/p>\n

Damgalanma ve adalet sistemine duyulan g\u00fcvensizli\u011fin, \u00e7o\u011fu zaman kad\u0131nlar\u0131n ve k\u0131zlar\u0131n sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131 rapor etmemesine yol a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131na dikkati \u00e7eken Naidoo, ayr\u0131ca ma\u011fdurlar\u0131n adalet aray\u0131\u015flar\u0131nda s\u0131k s\u0131k y\u00fcz\u00fcst\u00fc b\u0131rak\u0131lmalar\u0131na vurgu yaparak, kurumsal ve sosyal de\u011fi\u015fime, kanun de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011finden \u00e7ok daha fazla ihtiya\u00e7 duyuldu\u011funu dile getirdi.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Uluslararas\u0131 Af \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc, d\u00f6rt \u0130skandinav \u00fclkesi Danimarka, Finlandiya, Norve\u00e7 ve \u0130sve\u00e7’teki cinsel sald\u0131r\u0131lar ve faillerin yarg\u0131lanmas\u0131na ili\u015fkin bir rapor yay\u0131mlad\u0131….<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":22481,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4594],"tags":[204,408,297,67],"yoast_head":"\n