D\u00fcnyada balina avc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 1946’da “balina miktar\u0131n\u0131n do\u011fru \u015fekilde korunmas\u0131 ve balina avc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 end\u00fcstrisinin d\u00fczenli \u015fekilde geli\u015fmesinin sa\u011flanmas\u0131” amac\u0131yla kurulan Uluslararas\u0131 Balina Avc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 Komisyonu (IWC) d\u00fczenliyor. IWC’nin 1986’da yay\u0131mlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ticari balina avc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 yasaklayan bir moratoryumu bulunsa da Norve\u00e7 ve \u0130zlanda, resmi itiraz beyan edip kotalar\u0131n\u0131 kendileri belirleyerek balina avlamay\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrd\u00fc.<\/p>\n
Japonya ise IWC’nin “\u00f6zel izinli (bilimsel) balina avc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131” olarak tan\u0131mlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 kategori alt\u0131nda balina avlamaya devam etti. Bilimsel avlanma ad\u0131 alt\u0131nda “ticari balina avc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131” yapmakla su\u00e7lanan Tokyo y\u00f6netimi, IW C’yi kotal\u0131 ticari avlanmaya izin vermesi konusunda ikna edemeyince Aral\u0131k 2018’de IWC’den tamamen ayr\u0131lma karar\u0131 ald\u0131.<\/p>\n
Norve\u00e7, 2019’da Japonya’y\u0131 ge\u00e7ti<\/p>\n
Japon 5 bal\u0131k\u00e7\u0131 gemisi, 1 Temmuz 2019’da ticari balina avc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in yelken a\u00e7t\u0131. H\u00fck\u00fcmet, bal\u0131k\u00e7\u0131lara Aral\u0131k sonuna kadar 52’si minke t\u00fcr\u00fcnde olmak \u00fczere 227 balina avlama izni verdi. \u0130zlanda, bal\u0131k\u00e7\u0131lara 2023’e kadar 426 balina avlama kotas\u0131 koydu\u011fu halde av \u015firketi Hvalur hf, \u00fclkede balina etine talebin azalmas\u0131 ve di\u011fer fakt\u00f6rler nedeniyle bu yaz ava \u00e7\u0131kmayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 duyurdu.<\/p>\n
Norve\u00e7 ise i\u00e7 pazar\u0131ndaki talep azl\u0131\u011f\u0131na ra\u011fmen 2005’ten bu yana kotas\u0131n\u0131 her y\u0131l art\u0131rd\u0131. Oslo y\u00f6netimi, 2005’te 797 olan kotay\u0131 2017’de 999’a \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131. Kota 2018’de y\u00fczde 28 artarak 1278’e ula\u015ft\u0131, bu y\u0131l ise ayn\u0131 kald\u0131. Aktif olarak balina avlayan gemi say\u0131s\u0131 son 14 y\u0131lda, 31’den 12’ye d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. IWC verilerine g\u00f6re, sezonun nisanda ba\u015flay\u0131p a\u011fustosta sona erdi\u011fi Norve\u00e7’te, 2017’de 432, 2018’de 454 minke balinas\u0131 avland\u0131.<\/p>\n
Japonya ise 2017’de 462’si minke 596, 2018’de de 505’i minke 640 balina avlad\u0131. Norve\u00e7 bal\u0131k\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131, “OceanCare”e g\u00f6re, 2019 sezonunda 429 balina avlayarak, Japonya’n\u0131n kotas\u0131n\u0131n nerede yse 2 kat\u0131 balina avlam\u0131\u015f oldu. Norve\u00e7, Kuzey Atlantik’teki \u00e7ubuklu balinalar\u0131n (di\u015fsiz balinalar) en k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fc\u011f\u00fc olan minke balinalar\u0131n\u0131 avl\u0131yor. Minke balinalar\u0131 pop\u00fclasyonunun bilim adamlar\u0131n\u0131n tahminlerinden \u00e7ok daha y\u00fcksek oldu\u011funu ileri s\u00fcren Norve\u00e7, ticari balina avc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmesini k\u00fcresel bal\u0131k miktar\u0131n\u0131n azalmas\u0131ndan balinalar\u0131n sorumlu oldu\u011fu teziyle gerek\u00e7elendiriyor.<\/p>\n
Ancak bilim insanlar\u0131, insanlar\u0131n genellikle t\u00fcketti\u011fi bal\u0131k t\u00fcrleri ile balinalar\u0131n yedi\u011fi bal\u0131k t\u00fcrlerini e\u015fle\u015ftirdi klerinde olduk\u00e7a s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 \u00f6rt\u00fc\u015fmeler bularak bu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fc \u00e7\u00fcr\u00fctt\u00fc. Balinalar\u0131n veya di\u011fer deniz canl\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n insanlar\u0131n yedikleri bal\u0131klar\u0131 t\u00fcketti\u011fine dair g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc kan\u0131tlar bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ifade eden bilim insanlar\u0131, bal\u0131k stoklar\u0131ndaki azalman\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a insano\u011flunun a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 avlanmas\u0131ndan kaynakland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 vurguluyor. \u00d6te yandan, her ne kadar y\u00f6netim balina av\u0131 kotalar\u0131n\u0131 artt\u0131r\u0131yor olsa da Norve\u00e7’te balina etine talep son derece d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck.<\/p>\n
Balina etinin en fazla turistik restoranlar ve yolcu gemilerinde t\u00fcketildi\u011fi \u00fclkede, 2019 yaz\u0131nda yap\u0131 lan ankete g\u00f6re, Norve\u00e7lilerin sadece y\u00fczde 4’\u00fc s\u0131kl\u0131kla balina eti yiyor. Ankete kat\u0131lanlar\u0131n y\u00fczde 60’\u0131, uzun s\u00fcredir bal\u0131k eti yemedi\u011fini belirtiyor. Kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131lar aras\u0131ndaki gen\u00e7lerin ise y\u00fczde 75’i hi\u00e7 bal\u0131k eti yemedi\u011fini ifade ediyor. H\u00fck\u00fcmet, bu talep azl\u0131\u011f\u0131na ra\u011fmen balina ya\u011f\u0131n\u0131n kullan\u0131mlar\u0131 \u00fczerine ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131 s\u00fcbvanse ediyor ve balina etini Japonya, Faroe Adalar\u0131 ve \u0130zlanda’ya ihra\u00e7 etmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yor.<\/p>\n
Norve\u00e7, ayr\u0131ca balinalar avlan\u0131rken kullan\u0131lan vah\u015fi y\u00f6ntemler ve bu y\u00f6ntemleri her ge\u00e7en g\u00fcn daha fazla saklamas\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcnden de ciddi \u015fekilde ele\u015ftiriliyor. Balinalar hala vah\u015fi \u015fekilde z\u0131pk\u0131n saplanarak avlan\u0131yor. Patlay\u0131c\u0131larla donat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f z\u0131pk\u0131nlar, balinan\u0131n yakla\u015f\u0131k 30 santimetre i\u00e7ine n\u00fcfuz ediyor. Bu bombalar balinalar\u0131n i\u00e7inde patlayarak, hayvan\u0131n etine saplanan ve tekneye daha kolay s\u00fcr\u00fcklenmesini sa\u011flayan keskin pen\u00e7eler b\u0131rak\u0131yor. Bu y\u00f6ntemle, h\u0131zl\u0131 \u00f6l\u00fcmle sonu\u00e7lanan temiz ve do\u011fru bir vuru\u015f elde etme olas\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 genellikle d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck oldu\u011fundan z\u0131pk\u0131nlanan balinalar, ac\u0131 \u00e7ekerek can veriyor.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
D\u00fcnyada balina avc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 1946’da “balina miktar\u0131n\u0131n do\u011fru \u015fekilde korunmas\u0131 ve balina avc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 end\u00fcstrisinin d\u00fczenli \u015fekilde geli\u015fmesinin sa\u011flanmas\u0131” amac\u0131yla kurulan Uluslararas\u0131…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":26004,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4594],"tags":[3413,67,236],"yoast_head":"\n